What term describes a mathematical sentence stating that the two expressions have the same value?

• A. Inequality
• B. Proportion
• C. Equation
• D. Identity

Answer: (C)

The main idea is an assertion that two expressions have the same value, connected by the equals sign. This kind of sentence is called an equation. The left-hand side and right-hand side can be numbers, variables, or algebraic expressions, and the statement as a whole is either true or false depending on the variable values. When you solve an equation, you’re finding the values that make both sides equal. If a statement is true for every possible value of the variable, it's an identity, which is a special, universal kind of truth. An inequality uses a relation like <, >, ≤, or ≥ to compare two expressions and does not claim equality. A proportion is a specific kind of equation that says two ratios are equal, such as a/b = c/d. So the term that describes such a mathematical sentence is an equation.